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Continuous high expression of XBP1 and GRP78 is important for the survival of bone marrow cells in CCl4-treated cirrhotic liver |
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| Authors: | Marumoto Yoshio Terai Shuji Urata Yohei Matsumoto Toshihiko Mizunaga Yuko Yamamoto Naoki Jin Haiyan Fujisawa Koichi Murata Tomoaki Shinoda Koh Nishina Hiroshi Sakaida Isao |
| Institution: | a Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minami Kogushi 1-1-1, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan b Science Research Center, Yamaguchi University, Minami Kogushi 1-1-1, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan c Department of Neuroanatomy & Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Minami Kogushi 1-1-1, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan d Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan |
| Abstract: | We have previously shown that infusion of bone marrow cells (BMC) improves CCl4-induced cirrhosis. However, it is unclear why the injected BMC are resistant to CCl4 damage and subsequently improve the local microenvironment in damaged liver. To analyze the cellular phenomena involved in this process, we studied the damaged liver using electron microscopy. We found that CCl4 caused rough endoplasmic reticula to swell in hepatocytes. To analyze the gene expression patterns associated with this process, we conducted PCR-selected suppressive subtractive hybridization. We found that expression levels of HSP84, HSP40, and XBP1 differed markedly between control liver and liver infused with BMC. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that expression levels of HSP84 and HSP40 were markedly higher in the early phase of differentiation immediately after BMC infusion, but decreased over time. XBP1 expression remained high during the late phase, and GRP78 expression increased with XBP1 activation. We also found that GFP-positive BMC expressed XBP1 and GRP78. XBP1 and GRP78 are associated with ER stress. Thus, continuous high XBP1 and GRP78 expression might be essential for the survival and proliferation of BMC in a CCl4-induced persistent liver damage environment. |
| Keywords: | CCl4 carbon tetrachloride XBP1 x box binding protein 1 HSP40 heat shock protein 40 HSP84 heat shock protein 84 GRP78 glucose regulated protein 78 GFP green fluorescent protein BMI bone marrow cell infusion ABMI autologous bone marrow cell infusion EGFP enhanced-GFP SSH suppressive subtractive hybridization SOM self-organization map ER endoplasmic reticula |
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