rRNA-targeted寡核苷酸探针识别活性污泥微生物群落结构与功能研究进展

活性污泥中微生物群落内部关系非常复杂 ,及时对活性污泥中优势菌群和群落内部关系进行监测是污水处理中采取正确措施的关键。历史研究表明传统培养方法经常导致活性污泥优势菌群检测的失败 ,而r RNA- targeted寡核苷酸探针作为一种快速原位监测活性污泥微生物群落结构和功能的新工具被引入 ,使我们对参与污水净化的微生物群落结构和优势菌群能有较全面的了解。就该方法在识别除磷污泥、脱氮污泥、污泥泡沫和膨胀污泥中微生物群落结构和功能的典型应用进行综述 ,分析了该方法存在的优点和缺点 ,并对目前已建立且应用于活性污泥微生物检测的 r RNA- targeted寡核苷酸探针进行了详细总结

Application of rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes in the analysis of microbial communities in activated sludge

Wastewater treatment by activated sludge is one of the most important biotechnological processes and has been used for more than 80 years. However, the information on correlations between the microbial community structure and function of activated sludge is less provided. Due to intricate interactions within the microbial community, it is important to detect the prominent population and describe microbial community structure in the wastewater treatment process. Conventional cultivation methods often result in pronounced population shifts in the community structure and lead to a failure to detect dominant bacterial community memmbers. Recently, rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes were introduced as a new powerful tool in situ monitoring microbial ecology in activated sludge and have made revolutionary progresses. Based on it, microbial ecologists can for the first time determine the true composition of microbial communities. This review introduces the identification of it in structure and function of microbial communities in phosphate removing activated sludge, nitrifying activated sludge, bulking sludge and foaming activated sludge, summarizes most of probes which have been developed and used, analyzes the advantages and disvantages of it.