HLA基因多态性与结核病遗传易感性的研究进展

随着人类基因组计划的完成和功能基因组学的研究的进展，多种结核病候选易感基因被发现，其中人类白细胞抗原（HLA）基因是主要的候选基因之一。HLA基因作为人类最复杂、最具多态性的遗传系统，其功能涉及到机体免疫的各个方面，不同个体对疾病易感性的差异在很大程度上是由遗传因素所决定的，因此HLA基因与某些免疫性疾病的相关性已经成为近年来研究的热点，国内外学者对不同种族的人群对结核分枝杆菌感染的易感性做了大量的研究，探讨HLA基因多态性与结核病遗传易感性的关系。本文对这方面的研究进展做一综述。

The advances of polymorphisms of HLA gene with susceptibility to tuberculosis disease

With the Human Genome Project completed and functional genomics research, A variety of candidate tuberculosis susceptibility gene was found, HLA genes are one of the major candidate gene. HLA gene is the most complex genetic system of human being having the most polymorphism, whose functions involve in every aspect of organism immunity. To a large extent, genetic factors determine the affectability of different individual toward disease. As a result, HLA gene and its some disease associativity have become a investigative hot spot in recent years. Domestic and foreign scholars of different ethnic groups of Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility to infection have done a lot of research, Explore the HLA gene polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis. This paper will review this advances.