维甲酸对人神经母细胞瘤SK—N—SH细胞形态结构和分化标志物表达的影响

目的：观察维甲酸对人神经母细胞瘤SK-N-SH细胞形态与超微结构及其相关标志物表达的影响，以鉴定其对神经母细胞瘤细胞终末分化的诱导作用。方法：1μmol／L维甲酸处理SK—N—SH细胞，光镜、电镜和免疫细胞化学检测研究SK—N—SH细胞处理前后细胞形态、超微结构变化和神经元相关标志物的表达变化。结果：光镜与电镜观察结果显示，SK—N—SH细胞经1μmol／LRA处理后，细胞形态和超微结构产生了细胞呈极性状、伸出多个轴突树突状突起、细胞逐渐变小变圆并融合在一起形成类似神经节样结构、细胞表面微绒毛减少、核仁变少变小、常染色质增多、细胞器丰富发达等显著变化；免疫细胞化学检测显示经RA处理后SK-N-SH细胞NSE、MAP2、Synaptophysin的表达较对照组细胞明显加强。结论：维甲酸能改变SK—N—SH细胞形态和超微结构恶性表型特征，并促进与神经细胞相关的终末分化指标的表达，从而对人神经母细胞瘤细胞的终末分化具有显著的诱导作用。

The Effects of Retinoic Acid on the Morphology and Terminal Differentiation of SK-N-SH Cell

Objective： To investigate the biological effects of retinoic acid on the cell morphology and terminal differentiation of the human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. Methods： After treated with 1 μmol/L retinoic acid, SK-N-SH cells were subjected to light-microscopy, electro-microscopy and immuncocytochemical assay, and were compared with the untreated cell. Results： The results of light and electro-microscopy observation showed that the morphology and ultrastructure of SK-N-SH cells had changed after treatment. Cells became multipolar with several neuritis; cell bodies became smaller with long axonal processes between one another to form ganglion; less microvilli in the cell faces; the nucleolus reduced while the euchromatin increased; and the organelles developed. Immuncocytochemical analysis revealed that the expression of the neuronal markers of terminal differentiation, including NSE, MAP2 and Synaptophysin, were strongly positive after treatment. Conclusions： Retinoic acid could reverse the malignant phenotypes of SK-N-SH cells and promote the expression of terminal differentiation biomarkers, thus playing a significant role in cell inducement into terminal differentiation.