潘氏细胞研究进展

潘氏细胞是位于小肠腺底部的浆液性腺上皮细胞，其主要特征是细胞顶部有大量粗大的嗜酸性分泌颗粒，内含防御素、溶菌酶、sIgA等多种抗菌物质。表达于潘氏细胞的NOD2、Toll样受体9、肝癌-肠-胰腺／胰腺炎相关蛋白、RegⅢγ、肿瘤坏死因子仅、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子、白介素-17等也是免疫与炎症反应的重要成分。金属硫蛋白、富半胱氨酸肠蛋白、潘氏细胞锌结合蛋白等金属结合蛋白均分布于潘氏细胞，提示潘氏细胞参与金属代谢。潘氏细胞是构成肠黏膜屏障的重要细胞成分。NOD2单核苷酸多态性与克罗恩病有关。潘氏细胞化生常发生于胃、大肠的炎症与肿瘤病变，其病理意义有待于进一步研究。

Progress in Paneth Cells

Paneth cells are serous glandular epithelial cells at the base of small intestinal crypts. They are distinguished with their large eosinophilic secretory granules in the apical cytoplasma. These granules contain a number of proteins with antimicrobial activity, such as defensins, lysozyme, sIgA, etc. Additionally, NOD2, Toll-like receptor 9, hepatocarcinoma-intestine-pancreas/pancreatitis-associated protein, RegⅢγ, tumor necrosis factor α, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, and interleukin-17 are also expressed in Paneth cells. They are involved in immune and inflammatory responses. That in small intestinal epithelium, metallothionein, cysteine-rieh intestinal protein, zinc-binding protein of Paneth cell are distributed in Paneth cells suggests that these cells participate in metal metabolism. Paneth cell is a key cell component in the intestinal mucosal barrier. Single nucleotide polymorphism of NOD2 has been reported to be associated with Crohn＇s disease. Paneth cell metaplasia has been often found in inflammation and tumors of stomach and large intestine. Its patho-significance is yet to be studied.