卵蛋白反复吸入哮喘小鼠气道重构模型的建立与评价

目的：探讨哮喘小鼠气道重构模型的建立的方法。方法：SPF级BALB／C6-8周龄雌性小鼠40只随机分成正常对照组、哮喘模型组，每组20只。哮喘组经卵蛋白（OVA）混悬液0．2ml致敏并反复雾化吸入2周、4周，正常对照组由生理盐水代替。各组分别于末次雾化激发后进行取材，收集肺组织，制作石蜡切片，HE染色观察气道中嗜酸性粒细胞；Masson三色染色法观察气道周围胶原沉积情况；PAS染色法观察气道黏液分泌情况；测定单位气道面积基底膜周径（Pbm）、管壁总面积（WAt）、内壁面积（wAi）、平滑肌面积（WAm）、胶原面积（Wcol）、粘液面积。结果：哮喘模型组WAt／Pbm、WAi／Pbm、WAm/Pbm、Wcol／Pbm、粘液分泌面积较正常对照组明显增加。哮喘4周组上述指标均高于其对应2周组（P〈0．05）。结论：反复的过敏原（OVA）吸入可导致哮喘气道重构的发生，是一种较好的建立哮喘小鼠气道重构模型的的方法。

Establishment and Evaluation of repeated ovalbumin inhalation in asthmatic mouse airway remodeling model

Objective： To explore the method in establishing mouse asthma airway remodeling model. Methods： Forty female BALB/C mice aged six to eight weeks were randomly divided into 2 groups： control group,asthmatic group, 20 mice in each group. The Asthmatic group was sensitized and repeatedly challenged with the combination of ovalbumin （OVA）0.2 millilitre for 2 or 4 weeks. The control group was received saline as the substitution of OVA. After the model succeeded, the mice were lavaged. The eosinophil around the airway was observed after the histological section of lung staining with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Masson staining was used to stain collagen fibers and PAS staining was used to stain airway mucus. The following parameters were measured by Leica image analysis software： the perimeter of bronchial basement membrane （Pbm）, total bronchial wall area （WAt）,inner wall area （WAi）, smooth muscle area （WAm）, collagen area（Wcol ）and mucus area. Results： WAt/Pbm,WAi/Pbm, WAm/Pbm, Wcol/Pbm and the mucus area were significantly higher in asthmatic group than those in control group. Those indicators were higher in asthmatic group after 4 weeks than those after 2 weeks （p〈0.05,respectively）. Conclusions： Repeated exposure of allergen could induce airway remodeling and can be used in establishing mouse asthma airway remodeling model.