Effects of maternal marginal zinc deficiency on myelin protein profiles in the suckling rat and infant rhesus monkey |
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Authors: | Hueyjiuan Liu Patricia I Oteiza M Eric Gershwin Mari S Golub Carl L Keen |
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Institution: | (1) Departments of Nutrition and Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616 Davis, CA |
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Abstract: | In the current study, the effects of marginal Zn deficiency on myelin protein profiles in neonatal rats and rhesus monkeys
were investigated. Following mating, rats were fed a Zn-adequate diet,ad libitum (50 μg Zn/g; 50 Zn AL), or a marginal Zn diet (10 μg Zn/g) from day 0 (10 Zn d0) or day 14 (10 Zn d14) of gestation to day
20 postnatal. An additional group of dams was restricted-fed the control diet to the food intake of the 10 Zn d0 group (50
Zn RF). Day 20 pup plasma and liver Zn concentrations in the 10 Zn groups were lower than in the 50 Zn groups. In a parallel
experiment, rhesus monkeys were fed a Zn-adequatead libitum diet (100 μg Zn/g) or a marginal Zn diet (4 μg Zn/g diet; MZD) throughout gestation and lactation. Day 30 monkey infant plasma
and liver Zn levels were similar in the MZD and control groups. Rat brain and monkey brain cortex weights were similar among
the dietary groups. The amount of myelin recovered (mg protein/g brain) from day 20 rat pups from the 10 Zn groups was lower
than that recovered from the 50 Zn rat pups. Myelin recovery from the MZD and control monkey infants was similar. When myelin
protein profiles were characterized, it was found that the percentages of high-molecular-weight (HMW) proteins and Wolfgram
protein were higher, whereas the percentages of small and large basic proteins were lower in myelin from the 10 Zn d0 and
50 Zn RF pups compared to the distribution in the 50 Zn AL rat pups. Results for the 10 Zn d0 and 10 Zn d14 pups were similar
for all of the parameters studied. The percentage of HMW proteins was higher and that of basic protein lower in myelin from
MZD monkey infants compared to the percentage of these proteins in myelin from controls. Although the interpretation of the
rat data is complicated because of the anorexia associated with the Zn deficiency, the observed changes in monkey myelin protein
profiles provide strong evidence that maternal Zn deficiency affects myelination in the offspring. |
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Keywords: | Zinc zinc deficiency brain development development rhesus monkey |
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