Reorganization of the endocytic compartment in regenerating liver.

Antibodies raised to two membrane proteins present in rat liver endosomal fractions were used to study changes occurring in the endocytic compartment of hepatocytes during liver regeneration. Antibodies to the 42-kDa subunit (RHL-1) of the asialoglycoprotein receptor showed, by Western blotting of liver microsomes and endosomes, that there was a reduced expression of the receptor in liver 24 h following a partial hepatectomy. Immunocytochemical staining of thin sections of regenerating livers using these antibodies indicated that there was an intracellular relocation of endocytic structures in hepatocytes. The two main endocytic regions immunocytochemically stained in normal liver--one located beneath the sinusoidal plasma membrane and the other abutting the bile canaliculus--were replaced, in regenerating liver, by staining more closely associated with a region underlying the baso-lateral plasma membrane. A 140-kDa pI 4.3 calmodulin-binding protein located in endocytic and plasma membranes was also demonstrated, using a radio-iodinated calmodulin-binding assay, to be present at reduced levels in endosomes isolated from regenerating livers. Antibodies to this calmodulin-binding protein stained the hepatocyte's cytoplasm in a punctate manner. However, in regenerating liver, the staining was located in regions underlying the baso-lateral and apical plasma membrane of hepatocytes. Together, the results demonstrate that a reorganization of the endocytic compartment has occurred in hepatocytes 24 h following hepatectomy, with two endosomal proteins becoming relocated to a region below the baso-lateral-apical surface regions of hepatocytes.