IFNs,ISGylation and cancer: Cui prodest? |
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| Authors: | Andrea Sgorbissa Claudio Brancolini |
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| Institution: | 1. Cancer Therapeutics Group, Mater Medical Research Institute, Level 3 Aubigny Place, Mater Hospitals, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia;2. Barts Cancer Institute, Centre for Cancer and Inflammation, Charterhouse Square, London EC1 6BQ, United Kingdom;1. Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;1. Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de Ceuta, Ceuta, España;2. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Ceuta, Ceuta, España;1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran;2. Industrial Biotechnology Reasearch Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran;3. Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Nord, PO Box, Karlsruhe, Germany;5. Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;6. Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR)-Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran;7. Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany;8. Systems Biology Research Group, Arska Sazeh Inc., Mashhad, Iran;9. Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran;10. Institute of Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;11. BioViva USA Inc, WA, USA;12. Division of Human Genetics, Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;1. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España;2. Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España;3. Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España |
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| Abstract: | IFNs are cytokines that segregate viral infections, modulate the immune responses and influence tumor cells survival. These options are under the control of ISGs (Interferon Stimulated Genes) which expression is propelled by IFNs. To the ISGs family belong all the components of the molecular machinery that modifies proteins by the addition of the ubiquitin-like protein ISG15, in a process known as ISGylation. Despite alterations in the components of this machinery are frequently observed in cancer, the contribution of ISG15 and of ISGylation to tumor growth and resistance to chemotherapy is unclear and debated. With the aim of elucidating this point, in this review we have discussed about recent data pointing to a dysregulation of the IFN signaling and the ISGylation system in cancer. |
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