甘肃河西走廓不同生境中鼠类群落结构初步研究

本文对河西走廓不同生境中鼠类群落的物种组成和多样性进行了初步研究，在6种生境中进行了定量调查和采集，共获13种标本，隶于6（亚）科9属，其中古北界种类占优势。多样性分析结果表明：6种生境的物种丰富度指数RMargaler在.6139-1.9689之间。Shannon-Wiener指数（H')为1.0695-1.5607,Pielou旨数（J')和Simpson指数（D）分别为0.7242-0.9735和0．2768－0．4683，不同生境的丰富种数量（N1)变化趋势与H'相似，而非常丰富种数量（N2）的变化趋势为：半莫荒灌丛生境＞山地草原生境＞戈壁荒漠生境＞农田生境＞森林生境＞山地半荒漠灌丛生境。降水对不同生境类型中鼠类群落物种组成和多样性起直接的限制作用，同时海拔和人类干扰也是影响的因素。

Diversity of rodents communities in different habitats in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province

Species diversity of rodents is a good index to analyze local environmental change, since rodents have not only the ability to adapt to a wide range of habitats but also are sensitive to environmental changes. In order to understand the influence of habitat types on rodent diversity, the species composition and diversity of rodent communities in six different habitats in Hexi Corridor were studied. Field work was carried out from July to August, 2001. Rodents (<200 g ) were sampled with 2 dimensional grids in all habitats. Average distance between grids was 100 m. One hundred snap traps were set for for two days in each sample line with 5 m spacing. A total of 5320 trap nights were operated in six habitats. Traps were baited in the afternoon with peanuts and were checked the next morning. Thirteen species of rodents among 354 individuals were collected, belonging to six families (or subfamilies) and nine genera. Species associated with palaercitic fauna dominated the community. The result of diversity analysis shows that the values of the species richness index R Margalef for the six habitats ranged from 0.6139 to 1.9689, while the species diversity index (Shannon Wiener index) ranged from 1.0695 to 1.5607, and Pielou and Simpson indices ranged from 0.7242 to 0.9735 and from 0.2768 to 0.4683, respectively. The tendency of diversity, including N 1 and the Shannon Wiener index, was for similarity in all six habitats, while the tendency of N 2 was such that habitats of semi desert brush > habitats of mountainous grassland > habitats of desert > habitats of cultivated fields > habitats of forest > habitats of semi desert mountain brush. Precipitation was the major restricted factor that directly influenced species composition and diversity for the rodent community in these habitats. Latitude and human disturbance also affect species composition of the rodent community.