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Unique intertesticular tissue complex in larvae of Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae)
Affiliation:1. Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P O Box 2713, Doha, Qatar;2. Advanced Composites Centre for Science and Innovation (ACCIS), Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TR, UK;3. Materials Science & Technology Program (MATS), College of Arts & Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. University of Reading Malaysia, Iskandar Puteri, Malaysia;3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;4. National Institute of Materials Physics, Department of Magnetism and Superconductivity, Magurele, Romania;5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;6. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan City, China;1. College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China;2. Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1M8, Canada;3. School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
Abstract:A unique heart-testis complex has been found in the last instar of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae). This complex consists of a previously undescribed muscle system, herein designated the cardiotesticular muscle, that attaches the heart to the testes, and a ubiquitous connective tissue sheath that overlays this muscle and surrounding fat body and pericardial cells. These interconnected organs form a sieve-like septum enclosing a sinus that contains clusters of hemocytes and lipid droplets. Lipid droplets appear to be released from the surface of the testes sheath. The cardiotesticular muscle is innervated by neuroendocrine nerves that may be the route by which the brain peptide, testis ecdysiotropin, reaches the testes. The cardiotesticular muscle and products sequestered in the cardiotesticular sinus may be involved in the fusion of the paired testes and maturation of the male reproductive system, because they are present only during this stage of development.
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