功能性壳寡糖的生物学活性

低分子量壳寡糖的生物学活性是最近的研究热点，诸多研究肯定了壳寡糖在抗肿瘤、神经退行性疾病、糖尿病和高血糖及抗氧化等领域的应用价值。壳寡糖的抗肿瘤作用依赖于免疫刺激；抗氧化作用与其分子结构中的羟基和氨基有关；神经保护作用与抗氧化损伤及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性相关。另外，壳寡糖的生物相容性好等特点也暗示了其在药物研究和功能食品开发领域的应用价值。本文综述了壳寡糖在人类重大疾病防治领域的作用及作用机制的研究进展，探索了壳寡糖生物活性的研究方向。

Research progress of the biological activity of functional chitooligosaccharides

Many researches have focused on the biological activity of low molecular weight chitooligosaccharides, and many studies have confirmed the application value of chitooligosaccharides in anti-tumor, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, hyperglycemia and oxidation. The anti-tumor effect depends on the immune stimulating ability; the anti-oxidative effect depends on hydroxyl and amino in monose unit; and the neuroprotective effect is related with the antioxidative action and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity. Besides, the biocompatibility characteristics of chitooligosaccharides implies its application in research of drug and functional foods. This paper reviews the research progress of the mechanism of effects of chitooligosaccharides on major diseases, and explores the research direction of the biological activity of chitooligosaccharides.