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Comparative phylogeography of reef fishes from the Gulf of Aden to the Arabian Sea reveals two cryptic lineages |
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| Authors: | DiBattista Joseph D Gaither Michelle R Hobbs Jean-Paul A Saenz-Agudelo Pablo Piatek Marek J Bowen Brian W Rocha Luiz A Howard Choat J McIlwain Jennifer H Priest Mark A Sinclair-Taylor Tane H Berumen Michael L |
| Institution: | 1.Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia ;2.Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia ;3.Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology, Kaneohe, HI, 96744, USA ;4.Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA ;5.Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5090000, Valdivia, Chile ;6.Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia ;7.Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA ;8.School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia ;9.Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia ; |
| Abstract: | The Arabian Sea is a heterogeneous region with high coral cover and warm stable conditions at the western end (Djibouti), in contrast to sparse coral cover, cooler temperatures, and upwelling at the eastern end (southern Oman). We tested for barriers to dispersal across this region (including the Gulf of Aden and Gulf of Oman), using mitochondrial DNA surveys of 11 reef fishes. Study species included seven taxa from six families with broad distributions across the Indo-Pacific and four species restricted to the Arabian Sea (and adjacent areas). Nine species showed no significant genetic partitions, indicating connectivity among contrasting environments spread across 2000 km. One butterflyfish (Chaetodon melannotus) and a snapper (Lutjanus kasmira) showed phylogenetic divergences of d = 0.008 and 0.048, respectively, possibly indicating cryptic species within these broadly distributed taxa. These genetic partitions at the western periphery of the Indo-Pacific reflect similar partitions recently discovered at the eastern periphery of the Indo-Pacific (the Hawaiian and the Marquesan Archipelagos), indicating that these disjunctive habitats at the ends of the range may serve as evolutionary incubators for coral reef organisms. |
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