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Ulva: An emerging green seaweed model for systems biology
Authors:Jonas Blomme  Thomas Wichard  Thomas B Jacobs  Olivier De Clerck
Institution:1. Department of Biology, Phycology Research Group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium

Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Writing - original draft (lead);2. Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Jena School for Microbial Communication, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany

Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting), Writing - review & editing (lead);3. Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium

Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting);4. Department of Biology, Phycology Research Group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Abstract:Green seaweeds exhibit a wide range of morphologies and occupy various ecological niches, spanning from freshwater to marine and terrestrial habitats. These organisms, which predominantly belong to the class Ulvophyceae, showcase a remarkable instance of parallel evolution toward complex multicellularity and macroscopic thalli in the Viridiplantae lineage. Within the green seaweeds, several Ulva species (“sea lettuce”) are model organisms for studying carbon assimilation, interactions with bacteria, life cycle progression, and morphogenesis. Ulva species are also notorious for their fast growth and capacity to dominate nutrient-rich, anthropogenically disturbed coastal ecosystems during “green tide” blooms. From an economic perspective, Ulva has garnered increasing attention as a promising feedstock for the production of food, feed, and biobased products, also as a means of removing excess nutrients from the environment. We propose that Ulva is poised to further develop as a model in green seaweed research. In this perspective, we focus explicitly on Ulva mutabilis/compressa as a model species and highlight the molecular data and tools that are currently available or in development. We discuss several areas that will benefit from future research or where exciting new developments have been reported in other Ulva species.
Keywords:algae  gene expression  genomics  model organism  phenomics  seaweed  systems biology
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