Interactions of histidine-containing test substances and extraction methods with the Ames mutagenicity test |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Unilever, Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK;2. Unilever Strategic Science Group Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK;3. Covance Laboratories Ltd., Otley Road, Harrogate HG3 1PY, UK;1. Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan;2. Department of Domestic Science, Kagoshima Women’s College, 6-9 kourai-chou, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan;3. The Occupational Health Promotion Foundation, 2-2-11 Tsukasa-tyou, Kanda, Tiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0048, Japan;1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States;2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products, United States;1. Toxicology Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. 760 Morooka-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 222-8567, Japan;2. Division of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan;3. Research Planning & Management, R&D Planning & Management Department, Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. 2-4-16 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8002, Japan;4. Division of Genetics and Mutagenesis, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Free histidine as well as histidine in the form of dipeptides present in food samples or biological material interacted with the Ames mutagenicity test. This event becomes especially important for test compounds that exert only weak ‘mutagenic’ effects. Histidine bound to large molecules and methyl derivatives did not affect the Ames test. For the avoidance of misinterpretations, it is therefore indispensable to determine or eliminate the interacting forms of histidine when protein-containing samples are tested in the Ames test.Extraction methods using sorbants and solvents that contain contaminants or can induce chemical reactions with biological test substances should be well controlled or avoided. Solvents such as alcohols, esters and aliphatic hydrocarbons that would minimally react with such test material should therefore be used for extraction. |
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