Calling and vigilance in california ground squirrels: a test of the tonic communication hypothesis |
| |
| Institution: | 2. Animal Behavior Graduate Group, Division of Environmental Studies, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.;1. Université de Rennes 1, Ethologie Animale et Humaine–EthoS, U.M.R 6552-C.N.R.S., Station Biologique, Paimpont, France;2. University of St Andrews, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, St Andrews, Fife, U.K.;3. Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Taï Monkey Project, Adiopodoumé, Abidjan, Côte d''Ivoire;4. Laboratoire de Zoologie et Biologie Animale, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d''Ivoire;5. Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Centre for Research and Education in Ecology and Evolution, Thiruvananthapuram, India;6. Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Institute of Anthropology, Poznań, Poland;7. Université de Neuchâtel, Institut de Biologie, Neuchâtel, Switzerland;1. Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India;2. Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India;3. Division of Pathology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India;4. Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India;5. Centre for Wildlife Conservation, Management and Disease Surveillance, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India;6. Division of Animal Science, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi, India;1. Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd #110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626, United States;2. San Francisco Estuary Institute, 4911 Central Avenue, Richmond, CA 94804, United States;4. U.S. Geological Survey/Chesapeake Bay Program Office, 410 Severn Avenue, Annapolis, MD 21403, United States;5. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Chesapeake Bay Program Office, 410 Severn Avenue, Annapolis, MD 21403, United States;1. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;4. Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;5. Department of Emergency Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran;6. Department of Emergency Medicine, Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;7. Department of Intensive Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;8. Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran |
| |
| Abstract: | Owings & Hennessy (1984) proposed that repetitive calling by ground squirrels, i.e. long bouts of calling wherein the same vocalization is uttered repeatedly, might act as a tonic signal to promote vigilance in perceivers. This idea was tested by comparing the effect of naturally occurring repetitive and nonrepetitive calls on the behaviour of California ground squirrels, Spermophilus beecheyi. Both types of calls increased the amount of time spent vigilant by perceivers, especially in bipedal postures. More time was spent vigilant after repetitive than non-repetitive calls, thus supporting the tonic communication hypothesis. However, longer bouts of repetitive calling did not promote proportionately increased vigilance over that evoked by shorter calls. In fact, the reverse was true and the increase in vigilance to repetitive calls began to wane during the later stages of a calling bout. Repetitive calling may represent a case of ‘persuasion’, in which the signaller continues signalling in an attempt to maintain some state in resistant perceivers. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
