Antivibrio compounds produced by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas</Emphasis> sp. W3: characterisation and assessment of their safety to shrimps |
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Authors: | Pattamarat Rattanachuay Duangporn Kantachote Manee Tantirungkij Teruhiko Nitoda Hiroshi Kanzaki |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Thailand;(2) Central Laboratory and Greenhouse Complex, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Sean Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand;(3) The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 7008530, Japan; |
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Abstract: | In order to explore compounds naturallly inhibitory to shrimp pathogenic vibrios, a culture filtrate of Pseudomonas sp. W3 at a pH of 2 was extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) to produce 82.15 mg/l of a yellow–brown extract (EtOAc-W3) that
had MIC values of 225-450 μg/ml against the growth of 18 shrimp pathogenic Vibrio harveyi strains. The MIC of EtOAc-W3 against the most pathogenic strain PSU 2015 was 450 μg/ml and this strain had the lowest LD50 (50% lethal dose) to pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, PL 21). At this MIC value, EtOAc-W3 in artificial sea water (ASW) killed strain PSU 2015; however in natural sea water,
only a partial growth inhibition was observed. The toxicity to pacific white shrimp and antivibrio activity of the EtOAc-W3
were investigated by conducting an experiment with 4 sets; native control (commercial ASW), EtOAc-W3 control (MIC/10, 45 μg/ml),
challenge (inoculation 6.0 × 106 c.f.u./ml PSU 2015) and treatment (6.0 × 106 c.f.u./ml PSU 2015 + 45 μg/ml EtOAc-W3). The same experiment was repeated by increasing the dose of EtOAc-W3 to 90 μg/ml
(MIC/5). Both concentrations of EtOAc-W3 tested had no toxicity to postlarval shrimps. A significant decrease in shrimp mortality
was observed over a 72 h period as approximately 80% of the shrimps died in each challenge set but only 63 and 23% died in
the presence of 45 and 90 μg/ml EtOAc-W3. The major component of EtOAc-W3 was supposed to be 2-heptyl-4-quinolone (HHQ) by
FAB-MS and 1H-NMR analyses of the purified fraction. |
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