Impact of In-Situ CO2 Nano-Bubbles Generation on Freezing Parameters of Selected Liquid Foods |
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Authors: | Adhikari Bhaskar Mani Tung Ven Ping Truong Tuyen Bansal Nidhi Bhandari Bhesh |
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Institution: | 1.School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia ;2.School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia ; |
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Abstract: | The impact of in-situ CO2 nano-bubbles generation on the freezing properties of soft serve, milk, and apple juice was investigated. Carbonated (0, 1000, and 2000 ppm) liquid foods contained in a tube were submerged and cooled for 90 min in a pre-set ethylene glycol bath (?15 °C). Before the enclosed liquid reached 0 °C, the vibration was discharged through ultrasound in the bath to create nano-bubbles within the carbonated food samples, and the changes in temperature for 90 min of each food were recorded as a freezing curve. The time for onset of nucleation of control soft serve mix was halved in samples with 2000-ppm CO2 due to the presence of nano-bubbles. Likewise, the nucleation time for milk with and without nano-bubbles at the same CO2 concentration of 2000 ppm was 7.9?±?0.1 and 2.8?±?0.8 min, respectively. The generation of CO2 nano-bubbles from 2000-ppm CO2 level in 10 oBx apple juice displayed ?9.3?±?0.3 °C nucleation temperature while the control one had ?11.7?±?0.9 °C. |
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