Shoulder and elbow muscle activity during fully supported trajectory tracking in neurologically intact older people |
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| Authors: | A.M. Hughes C.T. Freeman J.H. Burridge P.H. Chappell P.L. Lewin R.M. Pickering E. Rogers |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;2. School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;3. Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;1. Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clínico University Hospital, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain;2. Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain;1. Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7291, 13331 Marseille cedex, France;2. Hôpital de La Timone, Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique, 13005 Marseille, France;3. Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, UMR-S 1106, 13005 Marseille, France;1. Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Canada;2. Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, Kitchener, ON, Canada;1. Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States;2. Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States;3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States |
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| Abstract: | An inability to perform tasks involving reaching is a common problem for stroke patients. Knowledge of normal muscle activation patterns during these tasks is essential to the identification of abnormal patterns in post-stroke hemiplegia. Findings will provide insight into changes in muscle activation patterns associated with recovery of upper limb function.In this study with neurologically intact participants the co-ordination of shoulder and elbow muscle activity during two dimensional reaching tasks is explored. Eight participants undertook nine tracking tasks in which trajectory (orientation and length), duration, speed and resistance to movement were varied. The participants’ forearm was supported using a hinged arm-holder, which constrained their hand to move in a two dimensional plane. EMG signals were recorded from triceps, biceps, anterior deltoid, upper, middle and lower trapezius and pectoralis major.A wide variation in muscle activation patterns, in terms of timing and amplitude, was observed between participants performing the same task. EMG amplitude increased significantly with length, duration and resistance of the task for all muscles except anterior deltoid. Co-activation between biceps and triceps was significantly dependent on both task and trajectory orientation. Activation pattern of pectoralis major was dependent on trajectory. Neither trajectory orientation nor task condition affected the activation pattern of anterior deltoid. Normal ranges of timing of muscle activity during the tasks were identified. |
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