The effect of heel lifts on trunk muscle activation during gait: A study of young healthy females |
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| Authors: | Christian J Barton Julia A Coyle Paul Tinley |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physiotherapy, School of Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia;2. Department of Podiatry, School of Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia;3. Musculoskeletal Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086, Australia;1. Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia;2. Centre of Excellence for Applied Sport Science Research, Queensland Academy of Sport, Queensland, Australia;3. Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Australia;4. School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Australia;1. KU Leuven, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;2. University Hospital of Pellenberg, Clinical Motion Analysis Laboratory, Weligerveld 1, 3212 Pellenberg, Belgium;3. KU Leuven, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Development and Regeneration, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;4. ETH, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Neural Control of Movement Lab, Rämistrasse 101, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland;5. KU Leuven, Science, Engineering and Technology Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Celestijnenlaan 300, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;1. Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, PR China;2. Li Ning Sports Science Research Center, Beijing, PR China;1. School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China;2. Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China;3. Key Lab of Prosthetics and Orthotics Technology, Beijing College of Social Administration, Beijing, China;4. The Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China |
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| Abstract: | Heel lifts are a treatment option for low back pain (LBP), whilst high-heeled shoes have been linked to LBP development. This study evaluated the effects of in-shoe 20 mm high bilateral heel lifts on trunk muscle activity. Activity of the erector spinae (ErSp), internal oblique and external oblique muscles was evaluated using surface electromyography in 15 young (20.7 ± 0.9 years) healthy female participants. Measures were taken during overground gait, both immediately and following two days habituation to the heel lifts. Immediately following the addition of the heel lifts, levels of ErSp muscle activity in the 5% epoch following heel strike increased by 19.2% (p < 0.05). Following habituation, levels of ErSp muscle activity in the 5% epoch prior to heel strike increased by 24.1% (p < 0.05), and a 14 ms (p < 0.001) earlier onset of ErSp muscle activity prior to heel strike was observed. These results indicate the heel lifts altered muscle activity reactively around heel strike (i.e. greater activity after heel strike) immediately after application and proactively (i.e. earlier onsets and greater activity prior to heel strike) after short term habituation. When put in context of previous research on trunk muscle activity in LBP populations, these changes may be important considerations for the aetiology, treatment and prevention of LBP. |
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