植物高光效基因工程育种

C₄植物所具有的C₄光合途径赋予其较高的光合作用效率,而一些主要的农作物如水稻、小麦、大豆等均为C₃作物,光合效率低下。随着生物技术的发展,通过基因工程手段利用C₄光合特性来改善C₃植物的光合效率进而提高其生物产量逐渐成为植物高光效育种的一个研究热点。综述了目前这一领域的研究进展及存在问题,预测了这一领域的发展前景。

Current Advance of High Photosynthetic Efficiency Breeding by Gene Engineering in Plants

C4 plants have high photosynthetic efficiency because of its C4 photosynthesis pathway. However, some dominating crops such as rice, wheat, and soybean which belong to C3 plants have low photosynthetic efficiency. With the development of bioteehnologies, gene engineering is adopted to improve plant photosynthetic efficiency and then to improve its biomass, which has been an active research area of plant high photosynthetic efficiency breeding. With the discovery of C4 photosynthesis pathway and the development of modem biotechnology, it is possible to transfer the key enzyme genes existed in C4 photosynthesis pathway, but many problems arises with further research. Current advances in this field were introduced and its foreground of development was predicted.