The Microbiology and Biochemistry of Anaerobic Bioreactors with Relevance to Domestic Sewage Treatment |
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Authors: | Vincent O’Flaherty Gavin Collins Thérèse Mahony |
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Institution: | (1) Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Environmental Change Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland |
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Abstract: | Anaerobic granular and fixed-film reactors have been successfully operated for wastewater treatment at full scale for over
two decades and represent a sustainable, energy-producing approach, which is increasingly being directed towards treatment
of domestic sewage. Research over the past two decades, and significant operational experience, has demonstrated that there
are no fundamental microbiological barriers to the implementation of AD for domestic sewage treatment in regions with warm
and temperate climates. Despite this, the underlying microbiology of methanogenesis is not fully understood and novel groups
of microbes have been identified in sludge, with unknown functions. The methanogenic process has recently been subject to
systematic investigation using newly developed analytical and microbiological approaches. A combination of process monitoring,
physiological, molecular microbiological and microscopic methods are beginning to generate a comprehensive, integrated data
set at micro-organism, granule and reactor level and the current state of knowledge is reviewed here. Information on the formation
of granules, on the relationship between reactor operating conditions and microbial consortia and on the impact of process
changes on the microorganisms in reactors will, in future, enable the link between the processes occurring at microorganism
level (scale ca. 1 μm–1 mm) and the processes occurring within reactors (scale >1 m), which will enhance the efficiency and applicability of anaerobic
sewage treatment. |
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Keywords: | anaerobic digestion domestic sewage EGSB Fluorescent in situ hybridisation granular sludge methanogenesis methanogenic activity PCR psychrophilic TRFLP UASB 16S rRNA |
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