国产蕺菜的染色体数目变异及核穿壁现象

蕺菜 Houttuynia cordata Thunb.属三白草科蕺菜属，俗称鱼腥草、侧耳根等，主要分 布于 亚洲东部和东南部，我国以长江流域及其以南各省区常见。蕺菜药蔬兼用，为极具开发前景 的植物资源。部分学者曾对蕺菜染色体数目进行过报道，但报道的染色体数目不尽一致（梁汉兴，1991，1995； Hsu，1968； Nilsamranchit et al, 1999），并且对此 现象未作较为详细而深入的解释。本文对国内部分省区收集的蕺菜种质资源进行染色体数目分析，旨在从细胞学角度探讨蕺菜的遗传多样性，为

Variation of the chromosome number and cytomixis of Houttuynia cordata from China

To have a better understanding of the genetic diversity of Houttuynia cordata at the cytological level, the chromosome number and meiosis of pollen mother cells of 90 accessions from China were observed. The species exhibits highly complex variation in chromosome number, with the number varying from 36 to 126, of which 36, 54, 72 and 126 are reported for the first time and the number 81 is the most frequent one. The basic number of this species, the only member of the monotypic genus Houttuynia, might be considered to be 9. Cytomixis was observed for the first time in the species during the diad, tetrad and microspore periods. The chromatin was found to transfer through plasmodesma, conjugation opening and conjugation tube.