Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal the Evolution of the Core Two-Component Signal Transduction Systems in Enterobacteria |
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Authors: | Mingsheng Qi Feng-Jie Sun Gustavo Caetano-Anollés Youfu Zhao |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Drive, 288A ERML, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;(2) Bioinformatics Unit, W.M. Keck Center for Comparative and Functional Genomics, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; |
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Abstract: | The two-component signal transduction system (TCST) consists of a histidine kinase (HK) and a response regulator (RR). TCSTs
play important roles in sensing and reacting to environmental changes, and in bacterial pathogenesis. Previously, we have
identified and characterized TCSTs in Erwinia amylovora, a severe plant enterobacterial pathogen, at genome-wide level. Here we conducted a comparative genomic analysis of TCSTs
in 53 genomes of 16 enterobacterial species. These species include important plant, animal, human, and insect pathogenic,
saprophytic or symbiotic microorganisms. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that enterobacteria contain eight pairs of
core TCSTs. Phylogenetic trees reconstructed from a concatenation of the core set of TCSTs from enterobacteria and for individual
TCST proteins from species in Proteobacteria showed that most TCST protein trees in the Enterobacteriaceae or in species of the γ-Proteobacteria agreed well with that of the corresponding 16S rRNA gene. It also showed that co-evolutionary
relationships existed between cognate partners of the HKs and RRs. Several core TCSTs were quite ancient and universal based
on phylogenomic analysis of protein structures. These results indicate that the core TCSTs are relatively conserved, and suggest
that these enterobacteria may have maintained their ancient core TCSTs and might acquire specific new TCSTs for their survival
in different environments or hosts, or may have evolved new functionalities of the core TCSTs for adaptation to different
ecological niches. |
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