云南省外来有害生物入侵现状及口岸疫情截获分析

【目的】云南是外来入侵生物的重灾区,了解外来有害生物入侵现状、加强防控尤为紧迫。【方法】从入侵云南外来有害生物类别、入侵途径、造成的损失等方面对云南省外来有害生物的入侵现状进行了阐述,对云南口岸疫情进行统计分析。【结果】按进境检疫物上截获有害生物批次及疫情货物批次统计的国家主要为缅甸、老挝、泰国、越南、荷兰5个国家;按检疫方式分类统计,货检截获批次最多,旅检次之,二者之和占总截获批次的99%;按有害生物类别分类统计,昆虫截获最多,占总截获批次的70.0%至73.9%,杂草、真菌居次,细菌、线虫、病毒、螨类、其他又次之;按货物类别统计,截获有害生物批次最多为粮豆类,占总截获批次的46%。【结论】提出了相应的检疫监管对策与建议,以期为口岸检疫提供参考,降低外来有害生物的入侵风险。

The status of invasive alien pests in Yunnan and an analysis of port interceptions

[Aim] Yunnan Province is very vulnerable to invasive alien pests. It is urgent to understand the current situation of invasive alien pests in the province to achieve better control.[Method] This paper analyses the present situation of invasive alien pests in Yunnan Province their ways of entry and losses caused.[Result] According to the interception records on imported quarantine objects and the batches of goods, the main countries of origina are Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam and the Netherlands. According to the classification of quarantine methods, the number of goods inspection is the largest, followed by traveling inspection, and the sum of the two accounts for 99% of the total intercepted batches. Insects are intercepted most frequently, accounting for 70.0% to 73.9% of the total interceptions, followed by weeds, fungi, bacteria, nematodes, viruses, mites and others. The number of grain legumes are captured most, accounting for 46% of the total interceptions.[Conclusion] The corresponding quarantine supervision countermeasures and suggestions were put forward in order to provide reference for port quarantine and reduce the invasion risk of exotic pests.