Characterization of Tannin-tolerant Bacterial Isolates from East African Ruminants |
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| Affiliation: | 1. International Livestock Research Institute, 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;2. International Livestock Research Institute, 30709, Nairobi, Kenya;1. Department of Physiology of Nutrition and Product Quality, Institute of Animal Science, Přátelství 815, CZ-104 00 Prague, Czech Republic;2. Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt;3. Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, 51452 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia;1. New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA;2. Department of Neurosurgery, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA;3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA;4. Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA;1. College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;3. Department of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China;1. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Mexico;2. Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600034, India;3. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Gurrero, Mexico;1. Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg kneza Viseslava 9, 23000 Zadar, Croatia;2. Croatian Veterinary Institute, Department for Bacteriology and Parasitology, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;3. Faculty of Science and Education, University of Mostar, Biskupa Cule 10, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;4. College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. 2nd St., Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA |
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| Abstract: | Several tannin-tolerant bacteria were isolated from enrichment cultures of rumen microflora of bush duiker, giraffe, Grant's gazelle, sheep, and goat, and established in medium containing crude tannin extracts or tannic acid. The isolates were characterized by classical and molecular methods. The isolates were also tested for the presence of tannin acylhydrolase. Characterization by restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16S rRNA–PCR product was performed withAlu 1, Dde 1, Msp 1, and Taq 1. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed only on the isolates that were curved rods. The nucleotide sequence of PCR products derived from the 16S rRNA genes of the isolates was determined. The classical characterization suggested that, with one exception all the curved rods isolates wereSelenomonas and the coccus was a Streptococcus. Only Selenomonas -like isolates had tannin acylhydrolase activities. One isolate lost the ability to completely hydrolyze tannins after prolonged storage at −70°C. The restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles suggested that the Selenomonas -like isolates exhibited heterogeneity in the ribosomal RNA locus. The coccus had the same profiles as Streptococcus caprinus, while the straight rods appeared to be similar to each other. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis suggested that the Selenomonas -like isolates clustered into two major groups. The 16S rRNA sequences of the coccus clustered with that ofStreptococcus species and the Selenomonas -like isolates exhibited a high level of similarity withSelenomonas ruminantium , while the straight rods clustered with Klebsiella species accessions in the databases. A partial 16S sequence strongly indicated that one of the isolates was Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. |
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