新石器时代人骨颞下颌关节的研究

对宝鸡、华县新石器时代人骨22个成年个体的颞下颌关节进行研究。发现该时期人类中23％者存在髁状突和关节结节骨质的严重磨损、不对称磨损和不规则增生,认为这是由于强大的咀嚼压力所造成的继发性关节退行性变。颞下颌关节的测量结果表明,与现生人类相比较,新石器时代人类的髁状突较大,关节结节较高,关节凹较深,关节结节后斜面斜度较小,反映了人类进化过程中由于生活方式和口腔功能的改变颞下颌关节的变小和关节承压结构的减弱。

A STUDY OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT IN NEOLITHIC AGE POPULATION

To get some knowledge about the condition of TMJ in Neolithic people and to examine if there are any morphologic difference in TMJ between Neolithic and contemporary popula-tion, routine observations of TMJ were made and dimensions of mandibular fossa and condyle were measured in a group of 22 Neolithic Age adult skulls, dated back to 3,000-4,000 B. C., excavated at Baoji and Huaxian of China and the results were compared with those obtained from contemporary populations. It is found that there are substantial evidence of degenerative joint disease in 23% individuals studied, including gross attrition, asymmetrical attrition and irregular osteoanaphysis on both articular em nence and condyle. The dimensions of condyle are larger, the height of articular eminence and the depth of the fossa are greater, the posterior slope of the eminence is less oblique in Neolithic population han those in population today. It is suggested that a strong mastication force is responsible for TMJ disease in early people. With the changing of life-style and oral function there are secular trends in TMJ reduction in human evolution.