北京市幼儿园2—6岁儿童生长情况

1985年5月—8月,作者对北京市幼儿园833名2—6岁儿童进行了人体测量调查,并对所获得的数据进行了统计分析。结果表明2—6岁儿童身高增长较快,平均每年增加70毫米,身体各部分的长度变化基本与身高的增长相协调;围度的变异范围大于长度的变异范围。同1975年调查结果相比,儿童的体重、身高、胸围等项目数值都有所增加,但身高的增加速度已减慢。

THE GROWTH STATUS OF 2-6 YEARS OLD KINDERGARTNER IN BEIJING

In summer 1985, 833 kindergartnets of 2-6 years old were measured by the author in Beijing. The number of boys is 439, and girls, 394, The anthropometric items include stature, sitting height, arm length, maximum shoulder breadth, maximum hip breadth, girth of head, girth of upper-arm, girth of chest, girth of waist, girth of thigh and body weight. The initial data have been processed by computer. According to age, the children have been divided into several groups. Under the same circumstances, the effect of parent native place and nationality on growth level is not significant (P>0.05), neither k the difference between girls and boys. But, the difference between two age groups is significant (P<0.01). In other words when children are 2-6 years old, the effect of heredity on growth level is not significant and there is no sex dif-ference in physical appearance, except genital organs. The stature and weight increase rapidly, the average increase of the stature is 70 mm per year and the weight is about 2000 g per year. As the children grow up, the increase speeds of the boys' weight and the children stature are regularly changed, the former going up, and the latter going down. The change in girls' weight is more complex. The standard correlation coefficients of most length dimensions of the body are higher than that of girth. In comparison with the data of 1975, the increase speed of the children sta-ture has reduced.