健康体检人群甲状腺结节多普勒超声检查结果及影响因素分析

目的:研究健康体检人群甲状腺结节多普勒超声检查结果及影响因素。方法:将从2018年1月~2019年12月,于医院接受体检的健康体检人员5270例纳入研究,对所有受试者均进行多普勒超声检查,分析超声检查结果和体检人群基线资料的关系,分析甲状腺结节多普勒超声特征。采用单因素以及多因素Logistic回归分析健康体检人群甲状腺结节的影响因素。结果:在5270例健康体检人群中,甲状腺结节检出率为51.86%(2733/5270),女性甲状腺结节检出率为52.83%(2355/4458),高于男性的46.55%(378/812),且随着年龄的不断增长,健康体检人群甲状腺结节检出率呈逐渐升高趋势(均P<0.05)。甲状腺结节患者的多普勒超声检查特征以低回声以及结节直径<2 cm为主(均P<0.05),但是结节数目以及病变部位比较无明显差异(均P>0.05)。经单因素分析发现:吸烟、甲状腺疾病家族史、高血压及糖尿病的健康体检人员甲状腺结节检出率高于不吸烟、无甲状腺疾病家族史、无高血压及无糖尿病的健康体检人员(均P<0.05),而不同民族、受教育年限、体质量指数(BMI)、是否饮酒的健康体检人员甲状腺结节检出率比较无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析发现:女性、年龄、吸烟、甲状腺疾病家族史、高血压及糖尿病均是健康体检人群甲状腺结节发生的独立危险因素(均OR>1,P<0.05)。结论:甲状腺结节多普勒超声检查特征以低回声以及结节直径≤2 cm为主,其影响因素包括年龄、性别、吸烟、甲状腺疾病家族史、高血压及糖尿病,值得临床重点关注。

Analysis of Doppler Ultrasonography Results of Thyroid Nodules in Healthy Examination Subjects and its Influencing Factors

Objective: To study the Doppler ultrasound examination results of thyroid nodules in healthy examination subjects and the influencing factors. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2019, a total of 5270 health examination subjects who underwent physical examination in hospitals were included in this study. Doppler ultrasound was performed on all subjects, the relationship between the ultrasound examination results and the baseline data of the physical examination subjects were analyzed, and the Doppler ultrasound characteristics of thyroid nodules was analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of thyroid nodules in healthy examination subjects. Results: Among 5270 healthy examination subjects, the detection rate of thyroid nodules was 51.86%(2733/5270). The detection rate of thyroid nodules in women was 52.83%(2355/4458), which was higher than 46.55%(378/812)in men. With the increasing of age, the detection rate of thyroid nodules in healthy examination subjects showed a gradually increasing trend(all P<0.05). The Doppler ultrasound examination characteristics of patients with thyroid nodule were mainly low echo and nodule diameter < 2 cm(all P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in the number of nodule and lesion location(all P>0.05). Univariate analysis found that: the thyroid nodule detection rate of healthy examination subjects with smoking, family history of thyroid disease, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were higher than those of healthy examination subjects with no smoking, no family history of thyroid disease, no hypertension and no diabetes(all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the thyroid nodule detection rate among different nationalities, years of education, body mass index(BMI), drinking alcohol or not(all P>0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female, age, smoking, family history of thyroid disease, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were all independent risk factors for thyroid nodules in healthy examination subjects(all OR >1, P<0.05). Conclusion:The Doppler ultrasound examination characteristics of thyroid nodule are mainly low echo and nodule diameter < 2 cm. The influencing factors of thyroid nodules include age, gender, smoking, family history of thyroid disease, hypertension and diabetes mellitus, which deserve clinical attention.