Microbial Diversity in Uranium Mining-Impacted Soils as Revealed by High-Density 16S Microarray and Clone Library |
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| Authors: | Gurdeep Rastogi Shariff Osman Parag A Vaishampayan Gary L Andersen Larry D Stetler Rajesh K Sani |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA;(2) Ecology Department, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;(3) California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA;(4) Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA;(5) Present address: Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; |
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| Abstract: | Microbial diversity was characterized in mining-impacted soils collected from two abandoned uranium mine sites, the Edgemont
and the North Cave Hills, South Dakota, using a high-density 16S microarray (PhyloChip) and clone libraries. Characterization
of the elemental compositions of soils by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy revealed higher metal contamination including uranium
at the Edgemont than at the North Cave Hills mine site. Microarray data demonstrated extensive phylogenetic diversity in soils
and confirmed nearly all clone-detected taxonomic levels. Additionally, the microarray exhibited greater diversity than clone
libraries at each taxonomic level at both the mine sites. Interestingly, the PhyloChip detected the largest number of taxa
in Proteobacteria phylum for both the mine sites. However, clone libraries detected Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes as the most numerically abundant phyla in the Edgemont and North Cave Hills mine sites, respectively. Several 16S rDNA signatures
found in both the microarrays and clone libraries displayed sequence similarities with yet-uncultured bacteria representing
a hitherto unidentified diversity. Results from this study demonstrated that highly diverse microbial populations were present
in these uranium mine sites. Diversity indices indicated that microbial communities at the North Cave Hills mine site were
much more diverse than those at the Edgemont mine site. |
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