Degradation and dehalogenation of monochlorophenols by the phenol-assimilating yeast Candida maltosa |
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Authors: | Elke Polnisch Helmut Kneifel Heiko Franzke Klaus H Hofmann |
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Institution: | (1) Institut für Angewandte und Technische Mikrobiologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, D/O-2200 Greifswald, Germany;(2) Institut für Biotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D/W-5170 Jülich, Germany |
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Abstract: | The phenol-assimilating yeast Candida maltosa is able to degrade monochlorophenols but cannot grow on these substrates. 3- and 4-chlorophenol were broken down very rapidly by phenol-grown cells under the formation of 4-chlorocatechol, 5-chloropyrogallol and 4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-4-olide with concomitant release of chloride.2-Chlorophenol was partially converted into cis,cis-2-chloromuconic acid via 3-chlorocatechol which was also obtained from 3-chlorophenol in low amounts. No further metabolites containing chloride were found.The dehalogenation step in the chlorophenol degradation is the cycloisomerization of the cis,cis-chloromuconic acid to 4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-4-olide in the ortho fission pathway.Dedicated to prof.Dr. E. Bayer, Tübingen, on the occasion of his 65th birthday. |
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Keywords: | Candida maltosa monochlorophenols chlorocatechol chloromuconic acid dechlorination mechanism phenol hydroxylase |
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