Chronic repeated restraint stress increases prolactin-releasing peptide/tyrosine-hydroxylase ratio with gender-related differences in the rat brain |
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Authors: | Tóth Zsuzsanna E Zelena Dóra Mergl Zsuzsa Kirilly Eszter Várnai Péter Mezey Eva Makara Gábor B Palkovits Miklós |
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Institution: | Neuromorphological and Neuroendocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology of the Semmelweis University and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Experimental Medicine, National Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; CSDB, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA |
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Abstract: | In this study, we investigated the effect of chronic repeated restraint (RR) on prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) expression. In the brainstem, where PrRP colocalize with norepinephrine in neurons of the A1 and A2 catecholaminergic cell groups, the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) has also been examined. In the brainstem, but not in the hypothalamus, the basal PrRP expression in female rats was higher than that in the males that was abolished by ovariectomy. RR evoked an elevation of PrRP expression in all areas investigated, with smaller reaction in the brainstems of females. There was no gender-related difference in the RR-evoked TH expression. Elevation of PrRP was relatively higher than elevation of TH, causing a shift in PrRP/TH ratio in the brainstem after RR. Estrogen α receptors were found in the PrRP neurons of the A1 and A2 cell groups, but not in the hypothalamus. Bilateral lesions of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus did not prevent RR-evoked changes. Elevated PrRP production parallel with increased PrRP/TH ratio in A1/A2 neurons indicate that: (i) there is a clear difference in the regulation of TH and PrRP expression after RR, and (ii) among other factors this may also contribute to the changed sensitivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary–adrenal axis during chronic stress. |
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Keywords: | estrogen receptor alpha gender-related difference hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus lesion in situ hybridization rat |
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