Toxicokinetics of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its effects on luteal function in sheep |
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| Authors: | Maria A. Herreros Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes Silvia Iñigo-Nuñez Ignacio Contreras-Solis Jose M. Ros Teresa Encinas |
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| Affiliation: | 1. General Directory for Ordination and Inspection, Council of Health, Community of Madrid, Madrid, Spain;2. Department of Animal Reproduction, INIA, Avda Puerta de Hierro s/n., Madrid, Spain;3. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain;1. Chapingo Autonomous University, Regional Universitary Unit on Arid Lands, Bermejillo, Durango, Mexico;2. Baja California Autonomous University – ICA, Mexicali, Baja California Norte, Mexico;3. Antonio Narro Autonomous Agricultural University, Torreon, Coahuila, Mexico;1. Breast Cancer Prevention Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States;2. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States;3. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States;1. Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland;2. Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland;1. College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China;2. Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China;3. Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linyi, 276012, Shandong, China |
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| Abstract: | The aim of the present study was to determine the toxicokinetics of short-term exposures to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its effects on ovarian cyclicity and luteal function using a sheep experimental model. For establishing the model, we examined the clearance of DEHP after intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration of a single dose of 25 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) and after i.m. administration of two different doses (25 and 50 mg/kg b.w.; DEHP25 and DEHP50, respectively) three times a week for two months. Results showed a significant, dose-dependent effect of DEHP administration, when compared to the control group (CTL; untreated ewes; n = 6), on the duration of the ewes’ estrous cycles (17.1 ± 0.5 days, CTL; 15.1 ± 0.9 days, DEHP25; 12.0 ± 0.8 days, DEHP50; p < 0.05); 94.9% of the cycles were of regular duration (15–19 days) in CTL, but only 51.1% and 25.4% in DEHP25 and DEHP50, respectively. Corpora lutea (CL) were smaller in DEHP50 than in DEHP25 (p < 0.05) and were smaller in both groups than in CTL (p < 0.005), but the maximum plasma concentrations of progesterone were greater (p < 0.05) in DEHP25 and DEHP50 than in CTL. In conclusion, the exposure of cycling ewes to DEHP causes shortening of the ovulatory cycles due mainly to a reduction in the size and lifespan of CL. However, the exposure to the phthalate is also associated with an increase in circulating concentrations of progesterone, suggesting the influence of DEHP on steroid metabolism. |
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