水蛭常见病原菌的分离与鉴定

从表现软体、水肿、出血和硬结等特征的患病宽体金线蛭(Whitmania pigra)中分离到13株细菌分离物。通过培养特征、形态学观察及生化试验，确定了所分离的细菌中有6株为大肠杆菌(占46．15％)，4株为变形杆菌(占30．77％)，3株为沙门氏菌(占23．08％)。动物回归试验表明，接种后10d内大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和变形杆菌对水蛭的致死率分别为100％(4／4)、100％(4／4)和25％(1／4)；药敏试验结果表明，这三种细菌普通对复合磺胺、氯霉素、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢哌酮、丙氟哌酸、氟哌酸敏感。研究结果表明，本病是由多个病因导致的一种临床综合症。因此，在进行药物治疗时，应选用多种药物联合以达到最佳的治疗效果。

Isolation and Characterization of Common Pathogens from Diseased Leeches

bacteria were isolated from the diseased leeches(Witmania pigra),characterized by a soft body,edema and bleeding or hard abscess on the skin.Morphological features and the results of a biochemical test with bacterial isolates revealed that 6,4 and 3 bacteria were classified as Escherichia coli(constitutes 46^15% of the total isolates),Proteus (30^77%) and Salmonella(23^08%) respectively.A pathogenicity test on leeches found that mortality was 100%(4/4),100%(4/4) and 25%(1/4) respectively within 10 days post-inoculation with isolates of Escherichia coli,Salmonella and Proteus respectively.The drug susceptibility test showed that 3 pathogens were all highly sensitive to co-trimoxazole,chloramphenical,amikacin,cefoperazone,ciprofloxacin and norfiaxacin.Since the poor condition of the leeches was due to a multi-factorial rather than a simple mono-factor disease,a combination drug treatment is probably neccesary to cure the disease.