四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝性脑病模型的制备

目的建立肝性脑病（HE）动物模型。方法应用四氯化碳联合酒精自饮法制作慢性肝功能衰竭引起HE发生的模型,进行迷宫试验、脑电图、血液生化、形态学、行为活动观察等检测。结果 1.肉眼下可见模型组肝脏普遍肿大,表面较粗糙,有较粗的颗粒,暗红色;正常组肝脏未见异常。模型组肝内有大量纤维增生,肝细胞溶解,弥漫性大片坏死,残留肝细胞成片气球样变。2.与对照组大鼠比较,造模组第九周水迷宫测试逃避潜伏期明显延长,以潜伏期延长超过正常x＋2.5 s为标准,本实验有14/20（55%）只大鼠水迷宫潜伏期明显延长;3.HE模型组血氨浓度明显高于正常对照组,组间比较差异有显著性（P〈0.01）;4.正常组脑电图以α波为主,无明显异常;模型组出现肝性脑病变化。结论 1.建立了肝硬化合并肝性脑病较为理想的动物模型;2.水迷宫测试联合检测更易检出HE。

Establishment of a Rat Model of Hepatic Encephalopathy

Objective To establish an animal model of hepatic encephalopathy（HE）.Methods Using carbon tetrachloride-alcohol in drinking water to establish a rat model of chronic liver failure-caused hepatic encephalopathy.The behavior activities were observed by maze test,blood biochemistry was measured,and liver and brain morphology was examined by electron microscopy.Results 1） Under the naked eyes,the livers of model rats were enlarged in general,their surface was rough,with dark red coarse particles.In the normal group the livers were of normal appearance.There were lots of fibosis,hepatocyte lysis,diffuse necrosis and widespread hepatocyte ballooning degeneration in the model group.2）Compared with the control group,the model group showed that the escape latency was significantly longer in the Morris water maze test at the ninth week.Took the incubation period extended beyond the normal x ＋2.5 s as standard,there were 14/20（55%） rats having a longer latency in Morris water maze test in this experiment.3） In the HE model group,the blood ammonia concentration was significantly higher than that in the control group,with a significant difference between the two groups（P 0.01）.4） In the normal group,the EEG was α-wave dominant and without distinct abnormalities,but changes of hepatic encephalopathy appeared in the model group.Conclusions A rather ideal rat model of liver cirrhosis acompanied with hepatic encephalopathy（HE） has been established.The HE changes can be more easily detected by Morris water maze test in the rats.