Age-related somatic structural changes in the nuclear genome of human blood cells |
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Authors: | Forsberg Lars A Rasi Chiara Razzaghian Hamid R Pakalapati Geeta Waite Lindsay Thilbeault Krista Stanton Ronowicz Anna Wineinger Nathan E Tiwari Hemant K Boomsma Dorret Westerman Maxwell P Harris Jennifer R Lyle Robert Essand Magnus Eriksson Fredrik Assimes Themistocles L Iribarren Carlos Strachan Eric O'Hanlon Terrance P Rider Lisa G Miller Frederick W Giedraitis Vilmantas Lannfelt Lars Ingelsson Martin Piotrowski Arkadiusz Pedersen Nancy L Absher Devin Dumanski Jan P |
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Affiliation: | Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden. |
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Abstract: | Structural variations are among the most frequent interindividual genetic differences in the human genome. The frequency and distribution of de novo somatic structural variants in normal cells is, however, poorly explored. Using age-stratified cohorts of 318 monozygotic (MZ) twins and 296 single-born subjects, we describe age-related accumulation of copy-number variation in the nuclear genomes in vivo and frequency changes for both megabase- and kilobase-range variants. Megabase-range aberrations were found in 3.4% (9 of 264) of subjects ≥60 years old; these subjects included 78 MZ twin pairs and 108 single-born individuals. No such findings were observed in 81 MZ pairs or 180 single-born subjects who were ≤55 years old. Recurrent region- and gene-specific mutations, mostly deletions, were observed. Longitudinal analyses of 43 subjects whose data were collected 7-19 years apart suggest considerable variation in the rate of accumulation of clones carrying structural changes. Furthermore, the longitudinal analysis of individuals with structural aberrations suggests that there is a natural self-removal of aberrant cell clones from peripheral blood. In three healthy subjects, we detected somatic aberrations characteristic of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. The recurrent rearrangements uncovered here are candidates for common age-related defects in human blood cells. We anticipate that extension of these results will allow determination of the genetic age of different somatic-cell lineages and estimation of possible individual differences between genetic and chronological age. Our work might also help to explain the cause of an age-related reduction in the number of cell clones in the blood; such a reduction is one of the hallmarks of immunosenescence. |
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