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The role of social media in compensating for the lack of field studies: Five new fish species for Mediterranean Egypt
Authors:Sara AA Al Mabruk  Abdulghani Abdulghani  Ola Mohamed Nour  Mohammed Adel  Fabio Crocetta  Nikolaos Doumpas  Periklis Kleitou  Francesco Tiralongo
Institution:1. Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Omar Al-Mokhtar University, El Bayda, Libya

Marine Biology in Libya Society, El Bayda, Libya;2. Department of Marine Resources, Omar Al-Moukhtar University, ElBayda, Libya;3. Department of Biology and Geology, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;4. Egyptian CMAS Spearfishing Committee, Hurghada, Egypt;5. Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy;6. iSea, Environmental Organization for the Preservation of Aquatic Ecosystems, Thessaloniki, Greece;7. Marine and Environmental Research Lab Ltd, Zygi, Cyprus;8. Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

Abstract:In the Mediterranean Sea, where biological invasions constitute a serious threat, the combination of citizen science and social networks amplified the power of proper field studies, recording species that would have otherwise presumably passed unnoticed. Based on data collected on several Facebook groups, we hereby first report the presence of five fish taxa (Kyphosus sp., Heniochus intermedius, Pomacanthus imperator, Pomacanthus maculosus and Abudefduf sp.) new for the Mediterranean Egypt, revise their distribution in the Mediterranean Sea and discuss their possible introduction pathways. Finally, we provide some considerations on the potentiality of social media for citizen science projects.
Keywords:citizen science  Facebook groups  Lessepsian immigrants  nonindigenous species  social networks
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