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Rea regulates microglial polarization and attenuates neuronal apoptosis via inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK signalings for spinal cord injury repair |
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| Authors: | Shining Xiao Chenggui Wang Quanming Yang Haibin Xu Jinwei Lu Kan Xu |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Contribution: Formal analysis (equal);3. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Contribution: Investigation (equal);4. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Contribution: Methodology (equal) |
| Abstract: | Inflammation and neuronal apoptosis aggravate the secondary damage after spinal cord injury (SCI). Rehmannioside A (Rea) is a bioactive herbal extract isolated from Rehmanniae radix with low toxicity and neuroprotection effects. Rea treatment inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory mediators from microglial cells, and promoted M2 polarization in vitro, which in turn protected the co-cultured neurons from apoptosis via suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways. Furthermore, daily intraperitoneal injections of 80 mg/kg Rea into a rat model of SCI significantly improved the behavioural and histological indices, promoted M2 microglial polarization, alleviated neuronal apoptosis, and increased motor function recovery. Therefore, Rea is a promising therapeutic option for SCI and should be clinically explored. |
| Keywords: | microglia polarization neuronal apoptosis Rehmannioside A spinal cord injury |