谈农林害虫的自然控制

人类的发展面临着许多问题,其中包括环境污染与害虫暴发失控等, 对策应是人类谋求与自然协调共存。人类必须学会既要和众多的非生命物又要和数千万种生物包括100多万种昆虫协调共存。天敌昆虫是大害虫的克星; 人类赖以生存的经济植物是由昆虫传播花粉的; 昆虫是人类的美味佳肴和医病良药; 有些昆虫是重要工业原料。所以人类要锐意合理利用昆虫资源。对于农林害虫要尽可能谋求自然控制; 提倡利用植物的抗害性、利用害虫的天敌、利用昆虫生长调节剂、种间信息物质、昆虫辐射不育技术控制害虫。尽量利用植物性杀虫剂控制害虫。尽量采用不杀伤或少杀伤天敌、不污染环境的化学杀虫剂或方法防治害虫。我国创造了很多行之有效的利用农业技术防治害虫的方法。

NATURAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS IN AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

Human beings have to be facing many problems including the environmental pollution and insect pest disasters. How to treat them? The author suggests a way that human learn to coexist with various abiotic things and millions of species of organisms including numerous insects. Many insects are useful to human being in pest control as natural enemies, in plant pollination as media, in daily life as delicious foods, in medicine as drugs, and in industry as materials. Therefore, rational utilization of insect resources is very important. Agro-forestry pests should be controlled by natural factors, such as plant resistance, natural enemies, growth regulators, pheromones, sterilizing techniques, plant insecticides, or combination of them. The use of chemical insecticides should be selected for considering their effects on natural control factors and environmental pollution.