新疆麦蚜主要天敌的生态位

利用生态位理论，对新疆塔城、伊犁两地区麦田麦蚜主要天敌类群瓢虫类、食蚜蝇类、斑腹蝇类、蚜茧蜂类和蚜小蜂类的生态位宽度和重叠度进行了计算和分析。瓢虫类在塔城和伊犁小麦田的时间生态位宽度均较长。塔城食蚜蝇类和瓢虫类的时间生态位重叠度最大。伊犁麦田食蚜蝇类空间生态位最宽，瓢虫类时-空生态位宽度最大，斑腹蝇类和瓢虫类时间生态位的重叠度最大，蚜小蜂和斑腹蝇空间生态位以及时-空生态位的重叠度最大。对伊犁大麦田和燕麦田蚜虫的天敌生态位也进行了计算分析。

NICHES OF NATURAL ENEMIES OF WHEAT APHIDS INXINJIANG UYGUR AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA

The niche breadths of natural enemies of the wheat aphids in wheat, barley and oat fields in Tacheng and Ili, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were estimated on the basis of investigation in 1990. Coccinellids had the longest temporal niche in wheat fields in both Tacheng and Ili. Syrphids and coccinellids in Tacheng wheat field showed greatest overlap in their temporal niches, indicating the existence of a keen competition. In wheat fields in Ili, syrphids had the greatest spatial niche, coccinellids had the largest tempo-spatial niche, Leucopis spp. And coccinellids had the largest niche overlap in spatial dimensions, and aphelinids and Leucopis spp. Showed the maximum overlap in their spatial and tempo-spatial niches. Moreover, niches of natural enemies of wheat aphids in barley and oat fields were also discussed.