肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因；采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原，非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布。结果表明（1）HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40％（55／136）和82％（112／136）。HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内，阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式；HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型，阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式；（2）HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81％（133／164）及86％（141／164）。C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的浆内；核心抗原毁定位于癌细胞核中，又可定位于胞浆中。C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主；而核心抗原阳性细胞在癌组织以弥漫核阳性常见，在癌旁肝组织以胸浆阳性为主；（3）HBxAg在肝细胞肝 癌中的检出率为75％（123／164），C33c和HBxAg二者同时阳性占63％（103／164）。HCV感染在我国肝细胞肝癌中比较普遍，HCV和HBV重叠感染占相当比例，可能在肝细胞肝癌的发生中起着重要作用。

Distribution and Significance of HCV and HBV Genes and Their Related Antigens in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

HCV RNA and HBV X gene were detected by in situ hybridization and HCV core?C33c antigens and HBxAg were localized by immunohistochemical method.Results showed(1) The positive rate of HCV RNA and HBV X gene were 40%(55/136) and 82% (112/136) in HCC respectively,both of them were positive simultaneously,34%(46/136).HCV RNA was localized in the cytoplasm of cancerous cells and hepatocytes,the positive cells distributed in scatter,local or diffusion pattens.The distribution of HBV X gene in HCC cancerous cells showed cytoplasm,nuclear and nuclear cytoplasm,the positive cells distributed just as that of HCV RNA.(2) The positive rates of HCV C33c and core antigens in HCC were 81%(133/164) and 86%(141/164) respectively,and C33c antigen was localized in the cancerous cells intracytoplasmically,either in the form of focal or diffuse in distribution,some were access to the nuclear membrane.Not only was HCV core antigen positive stain distributed in the nuclei of the cancerous cell but it was also found in the cytoplasm,C33c antigen positive cells were focal in distribution in HCC.Core antigen nuclear positive cell was observed more aften in cancerous tissues,and cytoplasmic positive cell was predominant in paracancerous tissues.(3)The detection rate of HBxAg in HCC was 75%(123/164),C33c and HBxAg positive simultaneously were 63%(103/164).HCV infection is familiar in HCC of our country,HBV and HCV overlapping infection accounted for a certain proportion in cases studied,which might play an important role in the development of HCC.