围填海区渔业生态损害的补偿标准定量研究——以舟山近岸海域为例

围绕海洋工程项目建设中渔业资源损害补偿这一关键要素至今尚缺乏一致认可的统一标准这一核心问题,根据2015年11月、2016年5月在舟山近岸海域(29°20′—31°00′N、121°40′—123°00′E)开展80个站位的渔业资源拖网调查数据,结合历史资料和渔民访谈交流等,分别以是否为生产渔场、是否为鱼卵仔稚鱼聚集区以及渔业资源量数量分布状况,赋予不同海域的权重系数,将直接经济损害补偿与渔业生态服务价值补偿结合起来,提出渔业生态损害补偿标准核算思路,建立了围填海工程项目渔业生态损害的补偿补偿模型,并计算得出不同县(区)、乡镇的渔业生态损害补偿金标准。可在舟山近岸不同海域的渔业生态损害补偿金收缴实践中推广应用,也为建立我国海洋生态损害补偿机制提供技术支撑。

Quantitative study on compensation standards for ecological damage to fishery in reclaimed areas:A case study from Zhoushan coast

Increasing marine engineering projects have resulted in ecological degradation of fishery resources. In this study, combining survey data, historical data, data from fishermen''s interviews, and many other data, we focused on the core issue of compensation for damage to fishery resources due to marine engineering projects. The survey data were obtained from 80 stations in the coastal waters of Zhoushan (29°20''-31°00''N, 121°40''-123°00''E), collected between November 2015 and May 2016. Different aquatic areas, fishery production areas or spawning and egg gathering areas, and areas endowed with different fishery resources were assigned various weighting coefficients in the compensation model, including direct economic damage compensation and indirect ecological damage compensation for reclamation projects. Standard techniques were used for the calculation of ecological damage to fishery resources in the coastal waters of different counties (districts) and townships along nearshore Zhoushan. The developed compensation model not only offers useful application in the collection of compensation for ecological damage to fishery resources in the coastal waters near Zhoushan, but also provides technical support for establishing compensation mechanisms for marine ecological damage in China.