辐照提高人工湿地美人蕉抗寒性及其越冬效果研究 |
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引用本文: | 郑文萍,童伟军,马琳,张义,吴振斌,贺锋.辐照提高人工湿地美人蕉抗寒性及其越冬效果研究[J].水生生物学报,2019,43(1):173-180. |
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作者姓名: | 郑文萍 童伟军 马琳 张义 吴振斌 贺锋 |
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作者单位: | 中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学;武汉理工大学 |
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摘 要: | 植物是人工湿地的重要组成部分, 但大多数湿地植物在低温环境下不能生存, 微生物活性受到抑制, 导致人工湿地低温应用受到限制。研究将辐照育种的手段应用于湿地植物, 以提高其抗寒性。研究采用25、45、60和80 Gy的γ射线对美人蕉(Canna indica L.)种子进行辐照, 剂量率为6 Gy/min, 待幼苗长出后进行阶段性降温培养, 并评价各组抗寒性。结果表明: 在低温下, 辐照幼苗的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均高于对照组。对照组丙二醛(MDA)在低温下大量积累, 且含量显著高于辐照组。在低温条件下, 幼苗脯氨酸、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量高于对照组。辐照组抗寒性得分高于对照组, 45 Gy组得分最高。随后将最佳辐照处理的美人蕉种植于人工湿地, 对其冬季净化效果进行评估, 评价指标包括: 总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)、化学需氧量(COD)。结果发现, 45 Gy辐照组人工湿地的冬季TP去除率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见, 辐照处理能够有效提高美人蕉的抗寒性, 并提高人工湿地冬季净化效果。
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关 键 词: | 美人蕉 抗寒性 人工湿地 辐照 |
收稿时间: | 2018-03-07 |
STUDY ON INCREASE OF THE COLD RESISTANCE AND OVERWINTERING EFFECT OF CANNA INDICA LINN IN CONSTRUCTED WETLAND BY IRRADIATION |
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Abstract: | In this study, the method of irradiation breeding was applied to wetland plants in order to improve its cold resistance. Herein, 25, 45, 60 and 80 Gy doses of gamma ray were used to irradiate Canna indica Linn (CIL) seeds, and the dose rate was 6 Gy/min. After CIL seeds were grown up, they were exposed to a low temperature stage, and their cold hardiness was accordingly evaluated. The results showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in irradiated CIL seeds were higher than that of the control group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) in control group accumulated in large quantities under low temperature, which was higher than that of the irradiation treatment group. Besides, at low temperature, the content of proline, the total soluble sugar, and protein of irradiated seedlings were totally higher than that of the control group. The score of cold resistance in irradiated group was also higher than that of the control group, and the 45 Gy dose of gamma ray group showed the highest score. Moreover, CIL with the strongest cold resistance was planted in the constructed wetland to evaluate its purification effect in winter, and evaluation indexes were total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Results revealed that the removal rate of TP in the group of CIL in constructed wetland by using 45 Gy dose of gamma ray was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). It can be concluded that irradiation treatment can effectively improve the cold resistance of CIL and enhance the effect of artificial wetland purification in winter. |
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