301例早产儿视网膜病变筛查结果及其高危因素分析

目的:调查早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的发生情况并分析其高危因素。方法:选取2017年6月至2018年6月在我院进行眼底检查的301例早产儿,依据《早产儿治疗用氧和视网膜病变防治指南》和《中国早产儿视网膜病变筛查指南》对早产儿进行筛查和随诊,同时收集早产儿及其母亲的相应病历信息,采用多因素Logistic回归分析分析ROP的高危因素。结果:301例早产儿中,共检出ROP患儿43例,其中须接受治疗的患儿13例,所有患儿经过2-6个月的治疗和随诊后均好转。围产因素中,胎龄小、出生体重低、吸氧、输血、有急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)的早产儿ROP检出率更高(均P0.05);母体因素中,多胎分娩的早产儿ROP检出率高于单胎分娩的早产儿(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,胎龄小、出生体重低、吸氧、输血和有ARDS为早产儿ROP的高危因素(P0.05)。结论:早产儿ROP发病率较高,胎龄小、出生体重低、吸氧、输血和有ARDS是其高危因素,在临床实践中应给予重视,及早发现ROP并规范治疗,以降低早产儿ROP的发病率。

Screening Results and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in 301 Preterm Infants

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature infants and analyze the risk factors. Methods: 301 cases of preterm infants who were received fundus examination in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2018 were selected. The preterm infants were screened and followed up according to and . At the same time, the corresponding medical records of premature infants and their mothers were collected. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the high risk factors of ROP. Results: Among 301 premature infants, 43 cases of preterm infants were diagnosed with ROP,among them, 13 cases were required to receive treatment, and all premature infants were improved 2-6 months after treatment and follow-up. Among the perinatal factors, the ROP detection rate was higher in infants with small gestational age, low birth weight, oxygen inhalation, blood transfusion and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (all P<0.05). Among the maternal factors, the detection rate of ROP in premature infants with multiple births was higher than that in premature infants with single birth (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that small gestational age, low birth weight, oxygen inhalation, blood transfusion and ARDS were risk factors for ROP in premature infants (P<0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of ROP is higher in premature infants, and its risk factors are small gestational age, low birth weight, oxygen inhalation, blood transfusion and ARDS. Attention should be paid to clinical practice, early detection of ROP and standardized treatment, so as to reduce the incidence of ROP in premature infants.