杂色山雀双亲差异性育雏策略

社会性单配制鸟类的配偶双方在抚育子代时常存在性别差异,不同鸟种的雌雄双亲往往采取不同的育雏策略。以杂色山雀(Sittiparus varius)为研究对象,2017年3—7月对繁殖巢箱进行录像监测,记录杂色山雀育雏期亲代投入情况。分析结果显示:1)双亲递食率在育雏前期(4—6日龄)无显著差异,而育雏后期(10—12日龄)雌性的递食率显著高于雄性。2)雌性亲鸟后期递食率较育雏前期显著增加;而雄性亲鸟育雏前期和后期递食率无显著差异。3)雌性递食率与自身喙宽呈极显著正相关,雄性递食率与双亲体征参数均无相关关系。总的来说,在育雏阶段,杂色山雀雌性亲鸟的递食率随着雏鸟的需求和自身身体质量发生调整,雌性在育雏后期递食率显著升高,而雄性亲鸟递食率无变化,这可能与育雏期双亲投入分工不同有关。

Sex differences in parental investment in the varied tit, Sittiparus varius

Sex differences always occur in parental investment and behavior during the breeding season in socially monogamous birds. Here, we described a study that used real-time video monitoring to examine the characteristics of parental investments and strategies in Sittiparus varius from March to July, 2017. The results were as follows: (1) there was no significant difference between the feeding rate of the male and female parent in the early period, while the feeding rate of the female was more than that of the male in the later period, (2) with increasing age of the nestlings, females increased their feeding frequency, while the males did not, and (3) the feeding rate of the female parent was positively correlated with its beak size, while no correlation was found between feeding rate and the male''s physical characteristics. Overall, in Sittiparus varius, the feeding rate of the female is adjusted according to the demand of the nestlings and related to individual characteristics, while the male shows no change during the breeding season. This difference may be associated with the divisions of labor during the feeding period.