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生态效益评价内容和评价指标筛选
引用本文:王效科,杨宁,吴凡,任玉芬,王思远,薄乖民,蒋高明,王玉宽,孙玉军,张路,欧阳志云. 生态效益评价内容和评价指标筛选[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(15): 5442-5449
作者姓名:王效科  杨宁  吴凡  任玉芬  王思远  薄乖民  蒋高明  王玉宽  孙玉军  张路  欧阳志云
作者单位:中国科学院生态环境研究中心;中国科学院大学;中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所;西北林业调查规划设计院;中国科学院植物研究所;中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所;北京林业大学
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFA0507303,2016YFC0503004)
摘    要:生态效益评价的重要性已经广为人知,但评价内容和指标不统一,大大影响了评价结果的可信度。基本上是各说各有理,很难相互比较。在分析国内外相关生态系统评价方法基础上,提出生态效益评价框架,强调生态效益与经济效益和社会效益共同构成了人类社会的价值判断标准和决策依据,是经济效益和社会效益的基础,应该包括生态系统整体贡献,考虑与生态系统的动态变化的关系;并探讨了生态效益评价指标筛选的原则(关联性、灵敏性、层级性、决策导向性、代表性、可行性、独立性及经济适用性和社会可接受性);提出了生态效益指标筛选的多准则综合法和生态效益评价指标检验的3个标准(可定量化、专一化和震撼性)。本研究将为生态效益指标体系的构建提供重要参考。

关 键 词:生态效益  评价内容  指标选择
收稿时间:2018-09-30
修稿时间:2019-04-29

Ecological benefit evaluation contents and indicator selection
WANG Xiaoke,YANG Ning,WU Fan,REN Yufen,WANG Siyuan,BO Guaimin,JIANG Gaoming,WANG Yukuan,SUN Yujun,ZHANG Lu and OUYANG Zhiyun. Ecological benefit evaluation contents and indicator selection[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(15): 5442-5449
Authors:WANG Xiaoke  YANG Ning  WU Fan  REN Yufen  WANG Siyuan  BO Guaimin  JIANG Gaoming  WANG Yukuan  SUN Yujun  ZHANG Lu  OUYANG Zhiyun
Affiliation:Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijng 100049, China,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijng 100049, China,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China,Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China,Northwest Institute of Forest Inventory, Planning and Design, State Forestry Administration, Xi''an 710084, China,Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China,Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China,Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China and Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
Abstract:The importance of ecological benefit evaluation is widely recognized; however, the inconsistency of evaluation content and indicators has greatly affected the credibility of the evaluation results. Most of these results are reasonable but are difficult to be compared. Based on analysis of available relevant ecosystem evaluation methods, this paper proposes an ecological benefit evaluation framework that emphasizes that ecological, economic, and social benefits together constitute the value judgment standard and decision-making basis for human society. The ecological benefit is the foundation of economic and social benefit and should include the overall contribution of the ecosystem and consideration of ecosystem dynamics. The principles of selecting ecological benefit evaluation indicators include relevance, sensitivity, hierarchy, decision orientation, representativeness, feasibility, independence, economic applicability, and social acceptability. A multi-criteria synthesis method for selecting ecological benefit indicators and three criteria (quantifiable, specific, and surprising) for ecological benefit evaluation is proposed. As a preliminaries theoretical analysis, it can provide an important reference for the construction of ecological benefit indicator systems.
Keywords:ecological benefit  evaluation method  indicator selection
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