土地利用变化对寻乌县生态系统服务价值的影响

为了解寻乌县生态系统服务价值对土地利用变化的响应。首先通过监督分类Landsat TM/OLI影像,获取寻乌县1995年、2006年和2016年3期的土地利用数据;进而对研究时段寻乌县土地利用的变化特征进行分析;最后利用当量因子法对3个时期寻乌县4种土地利用类型的4类生态系统服务进行价值评估。结果表明:(1)1995—2016年,寻乌县农田减少近一半,果园增加约一倍,林地所占百分比减少近10个百分点,水体增加一倍,建设用地增加近5倍;(2)1995—2016年,寻乌县年生态系统服务价值减少4.91亿元;(3)4种土地利用类型中,3个时期均是林地生态系统服务的价值最大,但2016年比1995年减少26.04亿元;(4)4种生态系统服务类型中,3个时期均是调节服务价值最大,但2016年比1995年减少1.51亿元;(5)丹溪、龙廷、留车、南桥和晨光5个乡(镇)生态系统服务价值增加,其余乡(镇)均减少。能为寻乌县乃至东江流域今后生态补偿标准的制定提供基础数据。

Effects of land use change on ecosystem services value of Xunwu County

This study was conducted to understand the response of the ecosystem services value to land use change in Xunwu County. First, land use data for Xunwu County in 1995, 2006, and 2016 were derived from Landsat TM/OLI images by supervised classification. Next, land use change characterics in this period were analyzed. Finally, the values of four ecosystem services for four land use types in the three dates were assessed by the equivalent factor method. The results showed that (1) the farmland and woodland in 2016 were reduced by almost half and 10% than those in 1995, respectively, while the orchard and water area in 2016 were both doubled than those in 1995; especially, the built-up area in 2016 was approximately quintupled than that in 1995; (2) the annual ecosystem services value of Xunwu County was reduced by 491 million yuan from 1995 to 2016; (3) the ecosystem services values of woodland were all the largest in the three dates, for the four different land use types; however, the annual ecosystem services value was reduced by 2604 million yuan from 1995 to 2016; (4) the regulating services value were all the largest in the three dates, for the four ecosystem services; however, the annual ecosystem services value was reduced by 151 million yuan from 1995 to 2016; and (5) for different townships in Xunwu County, the annual ecosystem services value was increased in Danxi, Longting, Liuche, Nanqiao, and Chenguang, while decreased in the other townships. The study results could contribute to set ecological compensation criterion in Xunwu County, and even in the Dongjiang River Basin.