OCTA用于检测不同屈光人群的黄斑区视网膜密度和厚度及其相关性分析

目的:采用光学相干断层扫描血管成像技术(OCTA)检测不同屈光人群的黄斑区视网膜密度及厚度并分析其相关性。方法:选取2016年2月～2018年2月我院收治的近视患者200例为研究对象,根据等效球镜度数的差异将其分为轻度近视组(-0.50～-2.75D)52例、中度近视组(-3.00～-5.75D)46例、高度近视组(-6.00～-8.75D)48例、超高度近视组(≤-0.90D)54例。所有患者均进行OCTA检测,比较各组患者黄斑区不同区域视网膜血管密度以及厚度的差异。结果:轻度近视组、中度近视组、高度近视组、超高度近视组等效球镜均呈逐渐降低趋势,而眼轴长度均呈逐渐升高趋势,各组间对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。超高度近视组患者中心凹、中心凹旁、颞侧、上方、鼻侧、下方视网膜血管密度和中心凹、中心凹旁、颞侧、上方、鼻侧、下方视网膜厚度相比轻度近视组、中度近视组、高度近视组均显著降低(P0.05)。经Pearson相关性结果显示:近视屈光人群的黄斑中心凹以及上方视网膜血管密度以及视网膜厚度呈正相关关系(P0.05)。结论:采用OCTA检测不同屈光人群的黄斑区视网膜密度及厚度,结果表明近视屈光度患者的黄斑区视网膜密度增加以及黄斑区视网膜厚度的增厚呈正相关关系。

Detection and Correlative Analysis of the Retinal Density and Thickness in the Macular Area in Patients with Different Refractive Light

ABSTRACT Objective: Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) was used to detect retinal density and thickness in macular region of different refractive groups and to analyze their correlation. Methods: 200 myopic patients admitted to our hospital from February 2016 to February 2018 were selected as the research objects. According to the difference of equivalent spherical lens degrees, they were divided into mild myopia group (-0.50 ~-2.75D) 52 cases, moderate myopia group (-3.00 ~-5.75D) 46 cases, high myopia group (-6.00 ~-8.75D) 48 cases, super high myopia group (<-0.90D) 54 cases. OCTA was performed in all patients to compare the differences of retinal vascular density and thickness in different areas of macular area in each group. Results: Equivalent spherical lenses in mild myopia, moderate myopia, high myopia and super high myopia all showed a decreasing trend, while the length of eye axis increased gradually. There was significant difference among the groups(P<0.05). Retinal vascular density and thickness of fovea, parafovea, temporal side, upper, nasal side and inferior fovea, parafovea, temporal side, superior, nasal side and inferior retina in hypermyopia group were significantly lower than those in mild myopia group, moderate myopia group and high myopia group(P<0.05). Pearson correlation results showed that the macular fovea and the retinal vessel density and retinal thickness above the fovea were positively correlated in myopic refractive population(P<0.05). Conclusion: OCTA was used to detect the retinal density and thickness of macular area in different refractive groups. The results showed that the increase of retinal density and thickness of macular area was positively correlated in myopic refractive patients.