Flowering Phenology, Pollination, and Fruit Set of Cypripedium macranthos var. rebunense, a Threatened Lady's Slipper (Orchidaceae) |
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Authors: | Naoto Sugiura Taketoshi Fujie Ken Inoue Kenji Kitamura |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860–8555 Japan, JP;(2) Biological Institute and Herbarium, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, 390–8621 Japan, JP;(3) Division of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Matsue, 690–8504 Japan, JP |
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Abstract: | Cypripedium macranthos var. rebunense, was preliminarily studied on Rebun Island, Hokkaido, Japan, for conservation of this threatened orchid. The functional longevity
of individual flowers varied from 0 to 18 days, a determining factor being the wind conditions at the growing sites. The flower
was self-compatible but needed a pollen vector for fruit production. It lacked nectar and adopted a deceptive pollination
system. Queens of a bumblebee, Bombus pseudo-baicalensis, were found to be pollinators but their visits were infrequent. Fruit set was 8.3% at one study site but only 1.2% at another,
probably due to interference from the many visitors who came to see the flowers. Based on the results, conservation and management
of lady's slipper were discussed. The need for less human interference and for preservation of the interactions between lady's
slipper and its pollinator or other plant species with floral rewards is stressed.
Received 1 November 2000/ Accepted in revised form 15 March 2001 |
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Keywords: | : Bombus Conservation Cypripedium Fruit set Pollination |
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