白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂的生物学和生态学特性及繁殖技术研究

采用室内测定并结合林间实地调查的方法，研究了新发现的寄生于蛀干害虫白蜡窄吉丁的外寄生蜂——白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao的生物学特性及其人工繁殖技术。结果表明，白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂外寄生于白蜡窄吉丁的幼虫和蛹及预蛹，是自然控制该害虫的一种重要寄生蜂，自然寄生率为13.9%左右。该蜂在天津1年发生5代，世代重叠明显，寿命长。白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂的卵、幼虫、茧蛹期和全世代的发育起点温度分别为（16.89±0.79）℃，（17.03±1.42）℃，（16.90±1.68）℃和（15.31±0.47）℃。有效积温分别为（33.82±4.13）日·度、（49.11±7.93）日·度、（128.88±27.87）日·度和（277.00±14.15）日·度。雌性成蜂易于低温保存，对寄主有较强的搜索力和攻击力。繁蜂寄主容易大量获得，是生物防治白蜡窄吉丁的重要理想天敌之一。

Biology and mass rearing of Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao(Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), an important ectoparasitoid of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera- Buprestidae) in China

The biology and mass rearing technique of a newly discovered ectoparasitoid Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao were studied by laboratory determination combined with field investigation. The results indicated that S. pupariae is an important ecto-parasitoid of prepupa, pupa and larva of emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), with the natural parasitic rate as high as about 10%. The wasp has five generations per year in Tianjin, with generations overlapping heavily. The life spane of the wasp adults was about a month with high fecundity, and could oviposit several times. The experiment showed that the development threshold temperature for its egg, larva, pupa and the whole generation were 16.89℃±0.79℃, 17.03℃±1.42℃, 16.90℃±1.68℃ and 15.31℃±0.47℃, respectively. The effective accumulated temperatures for those stages were (33.82±4.13) degree-day, (49.11±7.93) degree-day, (128.88±27.87) degree-day and (277.00±14.15) degree-day, respectively. The female wasps could be stored under low temperature safely without influence on their host-searching and host-attacking abilities. The substitute hosts for mass rearing of the parasitoid can be obtained easily. Thus, it could be used as an important natural enemy for the biological control of the buprestid pest.